"11 May 2025 ke latest current affairs - National, International, Sports aur Economy se judi taza khabrein. Competitive exams ki tayari ke liye zaroori updates."
EXAM POINT OF VIEW IMP.CURRENT AFFAIRS
THE HINDU
INDIAN EXPRESS
Blackout Measures: Civil Defence ke Pehle Line of Protection
Blackout measures kya hote hain aur inka mahatva kya hai? Aaj hum is post me janenge ki blackout measures kyun zaroori hain aur kaise yeh civil defence me apna yogdan dete hain.
💡 Blackout Measures Kya Hain?
Blackout measures ka mukhya uddeshya visible light sources ko air se eliminate karna hai. Yeh civil defence ke liye pehle line of protection ke roop me kaam karte hain, jo nagrikon ko suraksha pradan karte hain. Directorate General Civil Defence ke 2003 directive ke anusaar, blackout ke dauran zameen se 5,000 feet ki unchai par koi roshni dikhai nahi deni chahiye, jab visibility normal ho.
🛡️ Blackout Measures ka Uddeshya
Blackouts ka pramukh lakshya nagrikon aur bhavanon ki raksha karna hai. Jab visible light kam hoti hai, to enemy aircraft ke liye ground installations ko sahi tarike se target karna mushkil ho jata hai. Andhera enemy pilots ke liye pareshani utpann karta hai, jis se unke operations asarrahit hote hain. Aerial technology me unnatiyon ke bawjood bhi yeh strategy aaj bhi relevant hai.
🚦 Lighting Restrictions ka Implementation
Lighting restrictions ko turant lagu nahi kiya jata, balki yeh dheere-dheere lagu hote hain taaki nagrik adjust kar saken aur avashyak gatividhiyan barkarar rahein. Nirdeshon ke anusaar, street lights ko minimum par rakhna chahiye aur jo roshni bachi rahe usko dim karna chahiye. Buildings me external light ek chhoti bulb ke barabar se zyada nahi honi chahiye taaki low profile bana rahe.
⚠️ Crash Blackouts: Commercial Buildings ke Liye
Crash blackout ek vishesh prakriya hai jo factories aur commercial buildings ke liye air raid warning ke dauran apnayi jati hai. Iska uddeshya in bhavanon ko enemy ke nazar me aane se rokna hai. Isme auxiliary lighting ko main electric supply par nirbhar nahi rakhna chahiye, balki alternative power sources ka upyog karna uchit hai.
🚨 Civil Defence Drills aur Taiyari
Civil defence ki taiyari ke roop me, mock drills nagrikon ko blackout protocols se parichit karne ke liye kiya jata hai. In drills ka maksad yeh hai ki aerial threats ke dauran log sahi pratikriya kar saken. Jagrukta badhakar sarkar nagrikon ko apni suraksha me yogdan dene ke liye prerit karti hai.
📜 Itihasik Sandarbh aur Vikas
Blackout measures koi naye concepts nahi hain. Poorv yuddhon ke dauran bhi aise hi upayon ka upyog kiya gaya hai. Yudh pradarshanon aur technology ke vikas ke anusaar blackout strategies bhi evolve hui hain. Bharat ki civil defence me in protocols ki nirantar unnati rashtriya suraksha ke prati dayitva darshati hai.
🔔 Conclusion
Blackout measures aaj bhi civil defence ka ek ahem hissa hain. Is post ke madhyam se humne jaana ki inka itihas, mahatva aur implementation kya hai. Aise hi informative posts ke liye CurrentBhai par bane rahen.
Methane Emissions: Problem aur Solutions
Methane emissions duniya bhar me ek badi environmental problem hai. Aaj hum methane emissions ke sources, unko kam karne ke upay, aur international initiatives ke bare me detail me janenge.
💨 Methane Emissions ke Pramukh Sources
Methane emissions ke mukhya sources me agriculture, energy aur waste shamil hain. Energy sector akela hi 35% se zyada human-related methane emissions ke liye jimmedar hai.
Oil Operations: Lagbhag 45 million tonnes methane emission.
Natural Gas Operations: Kareeb 35 million tonnes emission.
Abandoned Wells: Lagbhag 3 million tonnes.
Coal Sector: 40 million tonnes, jisme abandoned mines aur end-use equipment se bhi yogdan hai.
🌱 Bioenergy ka Yogdan
Bioenergy bhi methane emission ka ek source hai, jo takreeban 18 million tonnes ke barabar hai. Ye emission mukhya roop se uncomplete combustion ke karan hota hai, jo traditional biomass (jaise lakdi aur upale) se cooking aur heating ke dauran hota hai.
Modern Bioenergy: Biogas aur biofuels bhi methane chhodte hain, lekin agar sahi se manage kiya jaye to emissions kam ho sakte hain.
🛠️ Methane Emission ko Kam Karne ke Upay
IEA ke anusaar, fossil fuel sector ke methane emissions ko 70% tak kam kiya ja sakta hai agar sahi technology ka use kiya jaye.
Oil aur Gas Sectors: 75% emissions kam karne ke upay hain, jaise equipment ko upgrade karna aur leaky wells ko seal karna.
Abandoned Facilities: In facilities par dhyan dena zaroori hai, kyunki yeh methane emissions ke badi sources me se ek ho sakti hain.
🌏 Global Methane Pledge (GMP)
GMP ka uddeshya 2020 ke level se methane emissions ko 2030 tak 30% tak kam karna hai. Lekin abhi bhi kai desh, jaise China aur India, is pledge ko support nahi kar rahe. Sirf kuch hi Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) me energy-related methane emissions ko kam karne ki specific strategies hain.
💰 Financial Implications aur Funding Issues
Methane emissions ko kam karne ke liye bohot bada financial commitment chahiye. IEA ke anusaar:
Oil aur Gas Sector: $175 billion
Coal Sector: $85 billion
Fossil fuel companies par funding ki zimmedari hai, kyunki inke income par iska minimal impact hoga. Lekin low aur middle-income countries me funding gap ab bhi ek badi challenge hai.
🚧 Implementation me Challenges
Implementation ki kami aur methane emission data me inconsistencies ab bhi badi samasya hai. Kai desh methane emissions ko underestimate kar rahe hain, jo reported aur actual figures me antar ko dikhata hai. Low aur middle-income countries ko international cooperation aur investment ki avashyakta hai.
🔔 Conclusion
Methane emissions ek global challenge hai, lekin proper planning aur implementation ke sath is problem ko kam kiya ja sakta hai. Aise hi latest environmental updates ke liye CurrentBhai par bane rahein.
RBI ke Naye Digital Lending Regulations: Kya Hai Naye Niyam?
Digital lending sector me transparency aur accountability ko badhane ke liye RBI ne naye regulations introduce kiye hain. Yeh guidelines digital lending ecosystem me sudhar lane aur unethical practices ko kam karne ki koshish karti hain.
📋 Naye Regulations ka Mool Uddeshya
RBI ki naye digital lending directions purane guidelines ko consolidate karti hain. Inka focus digital lending practices ko transparent aur accountable banana hai. Regulated entities ko apne digital lending apps ko Centralised Information Management System (CIMS) portal par report karna hoga.
Reporting Deadline: 15 June 2025 tak regulated entities ko apne apps ki jankari deni hogi.
Public Directory: 1 July 2025 se RBI ki website par in apps ki list available hogi.
📝 Regulated Entities ke Liye Zaroori Provisions
Naye niyamon ke anusaar, regulated entities ko lending service providers (LSPs) ke sath partnership karne se pehle unka technical capacity aur data privacy policies ka vishleshan karna hoga. Loan offers ko borrowers ke samne transparent tarike se pesh karna anivarya hai.
Digital View of Loan Offers: Borrower ko sabhi matching loan offers ek jagah dekhne ko milenge. Isme loan amount, interest rate aur repayment obligations ki detail honi chahiye.
Compliance Certification: Chief Compliance Officers ko submitted data ki sahi hone ki guarantee deni hogi.
📂 Digital Lending Apps ki Public Directory
RBI ek public directory taiyar kar raha hai jisme registered digital lending apps ki list hogi. Is se borrowers ko in apps ki legitimacy check karne me asani hogi. Directory ko regulated entities dwara report kiye gaye nayi jankari ke sath auto-update kiya jayega.
🌐 Transparency aur Accountability ko Badhawa
Nayi regulations ka pramukh lakshya digital lending me consumer trust ko badhana hai. Jab borrowers ko loan offers ke bare me puri jankari milegi, to woh informed decision le paenge. Is se unethical lending practices ko kam karne me madad milegi.
🚀 Challenges aur Implementation Issues
Naye niyamon ke implementation me kuch challenges bhi hain. Kai digital lending platforms ab tak purane practices par chal rahe hain. Compliance ko ensure karna aur LSPs ko accountable banana ek kathin kary hai. Isliye, monitoring aur regular audits ki bhi zaroorat hai.
🗓️ Conclusion
Digital lending regulations ko sudhar kar RBI ne borrowers ke hit me ek bada kadam uthaya hai. Transparency aur accountability ko badhawa dena digital lending ecosystem ko mazboot banane ke liye zaroori hai. Aise hi latest updates ke liye CurrentBhai par bane rahen.
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